- Astronomy before the invention of the telescope
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Portrait of Copernicus
- Creator: Author unknown
- Technique: lithography
- Date: 1842
- Description: Three-quarter length figure of Copernicus facing right. Inscription 'Nicolaus Copernikus' beneath. Lithograph made in Dresden for the printing house 'Borussia.Museum Preussische Vaterlandskunde. Dritter Band' based on Jocob van Maurs's engraving and taken from Pierre Gassendi's Nicolai Copernici vita in which Copernicus is shown wearing a large tuned down collar. Another feature characterising the drawing is the characteristic softness which imparts a sense of gentleness to the figure represented
- Location: Copernican Library in Toruń
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Portrait of Copernicus
- Creator: Konrad Westermayr
- Technique: Portrait of Copernicus copperplate engraving
- Date: ca. 1780
- Description: A half-length-figure portrait of Copernicus turning three quarters to the right surrounded by an oval border. In his left hand the astronomer is holding an object symbolising the heliocentric system. The engraving was made by Conrad Westermayer towards the end of the 18th c., most probably in the 1780’s. The engraver based this work on Jacob van Meurs' print made for Pierre Gassedi's Nicolai Copernici vita from the mid-17th c. in which Copernicus is wearing a large turned down collar. Its lithograph version was printed opposite the title page of the Polish edition of Camille Flammarion's Life of Nicolaus Copernicus. 1473-1873, Warsaw 1873
- Location: Copernican Library in Toruń